Guidance for Commercial Real Estate
LOUISIANA REALTORS • April 3, 2020
Information provided by:
Patricia B. McMurray, JD and Melissa Grand, JD,
Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz, PC
450 Laurel Street, Chase Tower North, 21st Floor Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70801
COVID-19 and its long-reaching effects continue to change the way we conduct our everyday business, and commercial real estate practitioners continue to adapt to these changes on a daily basis.
Transactional Guidance
for Commercial Real Estate
The coronavirus pandemic continues to impact the real estate industry, from brokerage operations to marketing listings and closing transactions. NAR is providing guidance to some common transactional questions, based on the current directives from the WHO, the CDC, and the White House. All members are encouraged to stay informed by regularly visiting the CDC’s website(link is external).
In deciding how to address new issues that may come up in their day-to-day business, NAR urges members to find answers that will ensure first-class services to their clients, while also demonstrating care for the health and well-being of clients, agents, and the greater public welfare in reducing the risk of exposure to and spread of COVID-19.
This is general guidance only. Members should consult their brokers, legal counsel, and government-provided public health information.
What should a landlord or property manager do if someone has tested presumptive positive or positive for COVID-19?
If a tenant, visitor or employee has tested presumptive positive or positive for COVID-19, issue a building alert to other tenants, residents and others who share facilities. Report the matter to the local health agencies and be sure to follow directions regarding cleaning and other appropriate actions. Be careful to neither reveal the identity of the individual nor an affected company because of health privacy and other legal considerations.
Do special instructions need to be given to building maintenance or housekeeping services?
They should be provided training on protocols for wearing protective gear, sanitizing tools and equipment, and proper disposal of gear and materials that may have been exposed to COVID-19.
Can individuals who enter the building be asked questions related to COVID-19, such as about symptoms, exposure or recent travel?
As long as everyone who enters the building are asked the same questions this should be fine. Some appropriate questions could be:
- How are you feeling today?
- Have you recently been in close contact with someone or attended an event where there has been a confirmed case of COVID-19?
- Have you recently traveled anywhere?
Questionnaire answers only should be used to determine whether additional precautionary measures should be taken or alternative measures should be used. The answers must not be used to deny someone's employment or services.
My building has a common mail room. What should be done about mail and packages?
Consider adopting a protocol where a few appropriately protected people handle and deliver the mail or establish a mail schedule for smaller groups of people to collect their mail. And be sure to increase disinfection efforts in between each group’s time.
Will parties be excused from performing their services or obligations in the lease due to the COVID-19 pandemic?
Review the lease, specifically, you will want to check the Force Majeure, Casualty, and Condemnation/Eminent Domain provisions. Depending on the language, these provisions can give the landlord or tenant certain rights to excuse, suspend or terminate obligations or services.
A force majeure clause generally permits parties to suspend or terminate their obligations due to certain circumstances beyond their reasonable control. In the context of COVID-19, look to see if the force majeure clause enumerates circumstances such as “disease,” “epidemic,” quarantine,” “acts of government,” and “pandemic.” If the force majeure clause includes broad general language such as “any cause whether similar or dissimilar to the foregoing,” it is likely to cover circumstances that are not specifically enumerated in the provision.
A casualty clause usually covers fire, flood, explosions or other similar occurrences that degrade the physical or structural integrity of the building. A tenant might look to this clause on the basis that their ability to operate their business or to use their lease space has been significantly disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Tenants in buildings and spaces that are directly affected by government closures may view their lease spaces as being taken over by the government. Check to see if the lease addresses condemnation or eminent domain and whether it provides any termination or rent abatement rights.
Which party’s insurance is triggered by the claims arising from the COVID-19 pandemic?
If the lease contains an insurance requirement, you will want to check whether it states when and how each party’s insurance is triggered. The provision may specify circumstances where only one party’s insurance would apply or where the insurance of both parties apply, or neither policy will apply.
What should be done if a tenant just decides to stop rent based on a theory from a lease provision or any other reason?
A landlord should have the right to deliver a notice of monetary default, and possibly the right to accelerate all lease payments with possible immediate recourse to guarantors and/or letters of credit. This action will require the tenant to defend its decision. It is important to note that some states have a moratorium on commercial (and residential) eviction proceedings.
Does rent relief or assistance need to be provided to any tenant who requests it?
A landlord has financial responsibilities so it wants to be sure that any relief or assistance provided is to a tenant who actually needs help and not one who is just trying to exploit the situation. Using a rent assessment application, like the one provided by SterlingCRE Advisors(link is external) can provide information about the tenant’s situation and help determine what type of relief is needed. A landlord should not feel obligated to provide relief to any tenant who is in default. And tenants should be encouraged to seek assistance from government relief programs and their franchisor, if applicable. If a tenant submits a rent relief request, try to respond as soon as practicable to avoid potential vacancies.
What relief should be provided to tenants seeking assistance?
With the landscape rapidly changing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, discussions or relief should be limited to 30 to 60 days. This allows the landlord to monitor the situation and to consider any new circumstances. In terms of relief, try offering the tenant rent deferral instead of a rent waiver. Another option could be using the tenant’s security deposit in place of a month’s rent and to have the tenant repay the deposit over time. Be sure to check with the lender and attorney before offering any relief to confirm that it is permissible.
How should I keep track of rent relief and assistance that is provided to tenants?
Be sure to keep documentation of all rent relief, adjustments and other types of assistance provided to tenants. Also, be sure to have the tenants agree to a confidentiality clause.
We are in the middle of negotiating a new lease, is there anything different we should do considering the COVID-19 pandemic?
Parties negotiating leases or new contracts should pay close attention to the force majeure clause and consider including “disease outbreak,” “epidemic,” “quarantine,” “acts of government,” “pandemic,” and others of the like as force majeure events.On the flip-side, if the parties want to carve out an exception about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, then specific language stating such should be incorporated.
Any recommended practice for resolving disputes?
With everything that is happening due to the pandemic, parties should assess appropriate actions with the knowledge that it is sure to be delayed and lag time in seeking any legal recourse to resolve disputes. The federal and state government have been announcing plans or intentions of providing emergency monies to assist businesses to survive through this pandemic. Therefore, parties working together to find solutions together to keep leases and relationships intact may be the best practice!
ALWAYS COMPLY WITH LOCAL AND STATE GOVERNMENT ORDERS REGARDING CORONAVIRUS-RELATED RESTRICTIONS.
Louisiana REALTORS® welcomes SpaceX’s announcement of a more than $100 billion investment to build its largest launch facility in Vermilion Parish, recognizing the historic project as an opportunity to create thousands of jobs while generating significant demand for housing, construction, infrastructure and commercial development across the Acadiana area and Louisiana. According to Louisiana Economic Development, the SpaceX project is expected to create more than 3,000 direct new jobs over the next 10 years, with an average annual salary of $92,600, as well as more than 8,100 indirect jobs. The project is also expected to generate 34,516 construction jobs at peak construction. For Louisiana REALTORS®, the significance of the investment extends beyond the jobs created at the SpaceX campus. Major economic development projects bring new workers, families and businesses to Louisiana, creating demand for homes, rental housing, commercial properties and the infrastructure necessary to support growing communities. “An investment of this magnitude creates opportunities that reach far beyond the project itself,” said Norman Morris, Chief Executive Officer for Louisiana REALTORS®. “Thousands of new jobs mean more families looking for places to live, more businesses needing space and more construction activity to support that growth. Louisiana REALTORS® welcomes this investment because a strong economy and a strong housing market go hand in hand.” The planned SpaceX campus is expected to become the largest spaceport in the world, with capacity to support thousands of launches annually. At full buildout, the site is expected to include five launch complexes with two launch pads each, propellant facilities, power generation, vehicle processing and residential housing for employees and their families. Construction is expected to begin in 2027, with initial operations targeted for 2030. The construction component alone represents a significant opportunity for Louisiana's workforce and businesses. LED estimates that the project could support more than 34,000 construction jobs at peak construction, while SpaceX has joined Source Louisiana to provide Louisiana suppliers, contractors and service providers with a pathway to compete for project-related opportunities. “Louisiana has an opportunity to make sure this historic investment translates into lasting opportunities for Louisiana families and businesses,” Morris said. “That includes having enough housing available for the people coming to work here and creating an environment where builders, developers, contractors and real estate professionals can help meet the needs of growing communities.” Louisiana REALTORS® supports continued efforts to prepare Louisiana communities for the growth associated with major economic development investments. Ensuring adequate housing supply, encouraging responsible construction and development and maintaining infrastructure are essential to making Louisiana an attractive place for businesses, workers and families. SpaceX’s investment adds to a historic period of economic development in Louisiana and further establishes the state as a destination for advanced industries, manufacturing, technology and aerospace. LED describes the project as positioning Louisiana as a global hub for next-generation aerospace and a new center of private spaceflight activity. “Louisiana REALTORS® is excited to see what this investment can mean for the future of our state,” Morris said. “When Louisiana wins major economic development projects, our communities have the opportunity to grow with them. We want to see that growth supported by quality housing, strong communities and opportunities for Louisiana businesses.” Louisiana REALTORS® welcomes SpaceX to Louisiana and looks forward to the opportunities this transformational investment can create for Vermilion Parish, Acadiana and communities across the state. Enjoy the video below from the Louisiana Department of Economic Development .
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