Common Pitfalls in Negotiating Multiple Offers

Louisiana REALTORS • December 1, 2020
Information provided by:
Patricia B. McMurray, JD and Melissa Grand, JD, Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz, PC
450 Laurel Street, Chase Tower North, 21st Floor Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70801

Multiple offers on a property is great news for a seller. However, negotiating multiple offers on a sale of residential property can be fraught with potential pitfalls for all parties involved in the real estate transaction. It is critical that REALTORS® have a clear understanding of the rules and industry standards to provide to their clients when multiple offer negotiations occur. Some common issues that arise during multiple offer negotiations are discussed below.  
  • I am listing agent for a seller who received multiple offers to purchase the seller’s home. Is it permissible to tell all the buyers’ agents who have submitted an offer of the existence of multiple offers and provide them a deadline to present their “best and final” offers?

    Short Answer: 

    Yes, this is permissible if authorized by the seller, unless there is a confidentiality agreement that prohibits that disclosure.  Best practice is to obtain the authorization from the seller in writing.


    Analysis:

    Analysis of this response under the Code of Ethics of the National Association of REALTORS® (NAR) and Louisiana law are discussed below.


    Code of Ethics Considerations


    REALTORS® are subject to state real estate regulation and the NAR Code of Ethics. The Code of Ethics obligates REALTORS® to be honest with all parties; to present offers and counter-offers quickly and objectively; to protect and promote the interests of their client; and to cooperate with other brokers (See NAR Code of Ethics Manual, Presenting and Negotiating Multiple Offers).   Cooperation involves sharing of relevant information.


    Article 1 of the Code of Ethics imposes two obligations on licensees: first, licensees are required to “protect and promote the interests of their client,” and second, licensees are obligated “to treat all parties fairly.”  An agent is permitted to disclose the existence and source of other offers to buyers and cooperating brokers, with authorization from the seller (See NAR Code of Ethics Manual, Presenting and Negotiating Multiple Offers).   NAR Standard of Practice 1-15 provides:


    REALTORS®, in response to inquiries from buyers or cooperating brokers shall, with the sellers’ approval, disclose the existence of offers on the property.  Where disclosure is authorized, REALTORS® shall also disclose [when asked] whether offers were obtained by the listing licensee, another licensee in the listing firm, or by a cooperating broker. (emphasis added)


    Essentially, if authorized by the seller, terms of offers can be disclosed to competing buyers or their agents unless there are state laws or confidentiality agreements that specifically prohibit that disclosure (See http://realtormag.realtor.org/law-and-ethics/ethics/article/2012/01/what-disclose-amid-multiple-offers; see also, https://magazine.realtor/law-and-ethics/ethics/article/2018/03/staying-mum-on-multiple-offers).   Best practice is to obtain the authorization from the seller in writing.


    Legal Considerations


    Under Louisiana state law, we did not find any specific law addressing disclosure of offers to purchase, or requiring confidentiality of the terms of such offers.  We did not find any specific Louisiana law prohibiting a seller’s agent from inviting multiple buyers’ agents who have submitted offers to purchase to present their best offers.  Louisiana real estate law defines “confidential information” as “information obtained by a licensee from a client during the term of a brokerage agreement that was made confidential by the written request or written instruction of the client or is information the disclosure of which could materially harm the position of the client” (Louisiana Real Estate Commission Law of Agency § 3891(6)(a)).  To the extent that disclosure of the terms of multiple offers could materially harm the position of the client, such disclosure is prohibited unless authorized by the client.


    The conservative view is that a licensee should make sure there exists no confidentiality agreement between the seller and a potential buyer regarding the potential buyer’s offer or its terms, and obtain authorization from the seller prior to disclosure of the existence of such an offer to a buyer.

  • Am I specifically required to disclose the existence of multiple offers to the buyers/their agents if no one asks about other offers?

    Short Answer:

    No.


    Analysis:

    As discussed in the previous response, unless in response to an inquiry and with  authorization of seller, the Code of Ethics does not impose an affirmative duty to disclose multiple offers.  Under NAR Standard of Practice 1-15, disclosure of multiple offers is allowed with the seller’s approval.  So, if the seller does not authorize the disclosure of multiple offers, disclosure would not be permitted.  Listing agents should discuss with their client the pros and cons disclosing the existence of multiple offers to buyers/their agents in connection with the seller’s overall negotiation sales strategy.  Additionally, if there is a confidentiality agreement in place, the parties should carefully examine the agreement’s terms to determine if disclosure is permitted.

  • Can a seller extend multiple counter-offers to multiple buyers at the same time?

    Short Answer:

    A seller should generally not counter more than one offer at a time so as to avoid entering into multiple binding contracts to sell the same property to different buyers.  


    Analysis:

    Generally, a contract is formed by the consent of the parties, established through offer and acceptance (La. Civil Code art. 1927).   In Louisiana, an offer that is not irrevocable may be revoked any time before it is accepted (La. Civil Code art. 1930).   Acceptance may be made orally or in writing (La. Civil Code art. 1927). 


    When a seller lists a property for sale, typically that listing is an "offer to the world at large."  An offer to the world at large may be accepted by anyone.  If a buyer accepts the offer with no contingencies (i.e.: agrees to pay the listing price for the property), then that buyer's acceptance of the offer will generally form a contract.  A seller generally cannot revoke the offer to the world once it has been accepted.  

    In the situation of a seller receiving multiple offers from multiple buyers, a seller should carefully consider when and how to respond in order to avoid entering into more than one binding contract to sell the property.  To the extent that a buyer accepts a listing price, with no contingencies or counter-offers, the buyer and seller may have entered into a valid contract.  It is important to remember that the existence of a valid contract is highly fact specific, and it is recommended the parties consult with an attorney to determine whether a valid contract exists between the parties.

  • Are “buyer love letters” a good idea if there are multiple offers?

    Short Answer: 

    No.


    Analysis:

    In handling multiple offers, it is important to remember that “buyer love letters” may trigger fair housing concerns (See https://www.nar.realtor/videos/window-to-the-law/how-to-handle-multiple-offers).   A “buyer love letter” may include such items as letters, videos, photographs, or any other communication that accompanies an offer from a potential buyer which is meant to appeal to the seller.  A “love letter” could trigger implicit bias, possibly putting the buyer in a position to act on an offer based on a “feeling” rather than just considering the price, terms and merits of the offer.  As NAR explains, accepting an offer based on anything other than the price, terms and merits of the offer might violate fair housing laws, and real estate professionals should discourage the use and consideration of buyer love letters to reduce the risk of discrimination (See id).

  • Where can I find additional guidance on best practices for buyers, sellers, and their agents for negotiating multiple offers?

    NAR has published the following guidance on this topic: Buyers & Sellers Guide to Negotiating Multiple Offers.


Disclaimer: These materials are to be used for informational purposes and should not be construed as specific legal advice. These materials are not designed to cover every aspect of a legal situation for every factual circumstance that may arise regarding the subject matter included.


This publication is for reference purposes only and association members or other readers are responsible for contacting their own attorneys or other professional advisors for legal or contract advice. The comments provided herein solely represent the opinions of the authors and is not a guarantee of interpretation of the law or contracts by any court or by the Louisiana Real Estate Commission.


By Louisiana REALTORS® June 9, 2026
From the Louisiana Department of Insurance: During a press conference today with Governor Jeff Landry, Insurance Commissioner Tim Temple announced that registration for the next round of the Louisiana Fortify Homes Program (LFHP) will open at 8 a.m. on Monday, June 1, and will include 3,000 grants. The registration period for this lottery will be open for three weeks, closing at 5 p.m. on Friday, June 19.  During the press conference, Gov. Landry signed HB 1187 by Rep. Paul Sawyer, which will allow Louisiana Citizens Property Insurance Corporation to transfer $50 million in additional Katrina bond assessment funds to the LFHP. Combined with the $30 million in funding the program will receive through taxes and fees on insurance entities, the LFHP will receive a total of $80 million this year. “By lowering overall losses, we can reduce insurance and reinsurance costs, draw more insurers into the market, motivate existing companies to write additional policies and lower insurance premiums,” said Commissioner Temple. “That is exactly what the Louisiana Fortify Homes Program is designed to do.” The list of coastal parishes that are eligible to participate is expanding to include Acadia, Jefferson Davis and Lafayette parishes. Additionally, homeowners who live in the portions of Ascension, Calcasieu, Iberia, Livingston, St. Martin, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa and Vermilion parishes that were previously not included in the program will now be eligible to participate. A map showing the full list of eligible parishes is available on FortifyHomes.La.Gov . “Louisiana is the fastest growing state in the country for Fortified roofs, and that growth is not by accident—it is the result of strong support from Governor Landry and legislators like Chairman Talbot, Chairman Firment and Representative Sawyer, targeted program design, and a clear recognition that strengthening homes is one of the most effective ways to reduce insurance losses,” said Commissioner Temple. “At the end of the day, this program is about more than just roofs. It is about protecting families, it is about strengthening communities, and it is about putting Louisiana in a stronger position—both physically and economically—to face the challenges ahead.” To participate in the lottery, homeowners must register during the June registration period. Homeowners who registered for a previous round but were not selected must register again to participate. People who register on the last day of the registration period have the same chance of being selected as those who register on the first day, so there is no need to rush to register as soon as the period opens. When registering, homeowners will need to upload their homestead exemption, insurance policy declarations page that includes wind coverage, and flood insurance declarations page if the residence is in a flood zone. Homeowners who need assistance obtaining a copy of their homestead exemption should contact their parish tax assessor. Homeowners can contact their homeowners and flood insurance companies or agents for a copy of their policy declarations page. Homeowners are required to create a profile in the LFHP system before registering for the lottery and may do so by visiting the LFHP website and clicking the Login button. Homeowners who previously created a profile may use the same one for this and future rounds. Once the lottery registration period closes, the LFHP will randomly select 3,000 participants and send email notifications to registrants about whether they were selected to participate. These selection notices will be sent via email beginning on Monday, June 22. There are several program requirements that homeowners should be aware of before registering. Those interested in the program are encouraged to review eligibility information and frequently asked questions at FortifyHomes.La.Gov to determine whether their home meets the requirements for the program. If selected to participate in the grant program, homeowners will be financially responsible for having the home evaluated by a FORTIFIED-certified Evaluator as well as costs for the roof upgrade including permits, inspections and construction costs beyond the amount of the grant The LFHP provides grants of up to $10,000 for homeowners to upgrade their roofs to standards set by the Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety. The program helps Louisiana homeowners strengthen their roofs to better withstand hurricane-force winds.
Educating prospective homebuyers on the true cost of owning a home
By Louisiana REALTORS® June 9, 2026
Learn how real estate agents can educate buyers about Louisiana homeownership costs, including taxes, insurance, HOA fees, and maintenance.
By Louisiana REALTORS® June 5, 2026
The 2026 Regular Legislative Session has officially adjourned, and Louisiana REALTORS® closes the session with a strong record of legislative wins, defensive victories and meaningful progress on issues that directly impact property owners, homebuyers, housing providers and real estate professionals across Louisiana. This session touched nearly every major pressure point in the real estate market: insurance affordability, transaction transparency, appraisal certainty, leasing law, property taxes, blight redevelopment, litigation costs, consumer protection and private property rights. Louisiana REALTORS® successfully advanced several major policy priorities this session, including residential wholesaling reform, vacant residential land disclosure, appraisal certainty, security deposit reform, insurance mitigation funding and redevelopment tools for blighted property. At the same time, the association helped stop or reshape proposals that would have harmed housing supply, increased practitioners' liability, or created uncertainty for property owners and housing providers. Major Wins for You and Real Estate Residential Wholesaling Reform The signature victory of the session was HB 468 by Rep. Troy Hebert , Louisiana REALTORS®’ residential wholesaling reform bill. For years, residential wholesaling operated in a gray area of Louisiana law. HB 468 creates a clear statutory framework for residential wholesaling, strengthens consumer protection, increases transparency, and gives the Louisiana Real Estate Commission meaningful enforcement authority. The bill’s conference report passed unanimously in both chambers, with votes of 94-0 in the House and 35-0 in the Senate. This is a major structural reform for Louisiana real estate law. This bill will be state law effective August 1, 2026. Please note that the law does not affect any wholesale contracts between now and the effective date. Vacant Residential Land Disclosure HB 1166, by Rep. Kim Carver, passed the Legislature and has been sent to the Governor for his signature. The bill addresses disclosure gaps in vacant residential land transactions where buyers may discover late-stage issues involving access, utilities, drainage, flood risk, prior use or other material facts. HB 1166 creates a clearer process for buyers, sellers and real estate practitioners, and should help reduce failed transactions, disputes and closing-table surprises. As new industry forms and disclosures are developed, Louisiana REALTORS® will monitor the process closely and work to ensure the final requirements are practical, clear and consistent with sound industry practice. The Louisiana Real Estate Commission will complete the forms and disclosure process, with final implementation expected to be legally required for agents beginning January 1, 2027. Appraisal Liability Protections Louisiana REALTORS® secured two important appraisal-related wins. HB 1027 also by Rep. Troy Hebert , signed as Act No. 187 , clarifies that appraisers should not be held liable for compliance with obligations that belong to other parties in the transaction. HB 300 by Rep. Neil Riser , signed as Act No. 149 , addresses appraisal thresholds for bank-owned property. Together, these measures support greater transaction certainty and fairness in the appraisal process. The pair of these measures will take effect as law on August 1, 2026. Housing & Market Stability Security Deposit Reform HB 292, by Rep. Delisha Boyd and signed by Governor Landry as Act No. 63 , creates a more workable process for addressing damage discovered at the end of a lease and provides greater flexibility through written agreements regarding security deposit timelines. The measure offers practical clarity for housing providers, tenants and property managers when property damage is identified after move-out, allowing additional time to assess damage, obtain repair estimates and document costs before final security deposit accounting is completed. By creating a clearer statutory framework, the law helps reduce disputes and ensures that both landlords and tenants have a better understanding of their rights and responsibilities. Property managers can mark August 1, 2026, on their calendars, as that is the effective date for this legislation. Protections for Victims & Landlords HB 297, by Rep. Mandie Landry and signed by Governor Landry as Act No. 64 , expands Louisiana's early lease-termination protections to include victims of stalking and cyberstalking. The law recognizes that personal safety may require a tenant to leave a residence before the end of a lease term. To exercise these protections, a tenant must provide documentation from a qualified third party or other authorized evidence demonstrating that they are a victim of stalking or cyberstalking and that continued occupancy would present a safety concern. The measure also clarifies and expands who may serve as a qualified third party for purposes of supporting a tenant's request. These changes will take effect into law on August 1, 2026. Insurance Affordability and Mitigation Insurance affordability remained one of the most significant issues facing Louisiana homeowners and the real estate market. HB 1187 by Rep. Paul Sawyer , signed by Governor Landry as Act No. 416 , transfers an additional $50 million in Katrina bond assessment funds to the Louisiana Fortify Homes Program. Combined with other insurance-related funding, the program reaches approximately $80 million for the year. The Fortify Homes Program remains one of Louisiana’s most direct tools for reducing property risk, strengthening homes, improving market stability, and placing downward pressure on insurance costs over time. Several additional insurance measures did not reach final passage, including legislation on fortified roof endorsements, nonrenewal protections for homeowners who mitigate risk, and a pre-suit review process for residential property insurance disputes. These remain important long-term priorities. This became law and took effect upon the Governor’s signature. Blight, Redevelopment, and Property Taxes Louisiana REALTORS® supported policies this session aimed at returning neglected property to productive use and strengthening property-tax fairness. HB 214 by Rep. Chance Henry , now Act No. 272 with Governor Landry’s signature, will appear on the ballot as a constitutional amendment authorizing an optional property tax exemption for rehabilitated blighted or derelict property. HB 217, also by Rep. Chance Henry , is the enabling legislation for HB 214 and has received the Governor’s signature, becoming Act No. 422. Together, these measures would give local governments another tool to encourage private investment, neighborhood revitalization, and redevelopment. SB 180 , now Act No. 39 , will also appear on the ballot. The measure allows the surviving spouse of a deceased veteran with a service-connected disability to transfer an expanded property tax exemption. This is both a property-tax fairness measure and a homeownership stability measure for Louisiana veterans’ families. If passed in the fall election, the measures would take effect on January 1, 2027, as well as SB 180. Defensive Victories Some of the most important wins in this session came from stopping harmful legislation before it became law. Rent Stabilization Stopped Twice HB 472 by Rep. Alonzo Knox , the rent price control bill, was stopped after being involuntarily deferred. Louisiana REALTORS® opposed the bill and provided testimony in committee because rent-control policies can discourage investment, reduce housing supply, create uncertainty for housing providers and ultimately worsen affordability challenges. Knox brought the bill to the House Committee on Municipal, Local and Parochial Affairs twice due to the opposing testimony of our organization and opposition from the Home Builders Association and the Louisiana Apartment Association. Hidden Fees Bill Reshaped Yet Still Thwarted HB 617 by Rep. Mandie Landry , the hidden fees bill, raised concerns because it could have imposed liability on real estate professionals for fees they do not control, including those set by lenders, title companies, insurers, government entities and other third parties. Louisiana REALTORS® successfully negotiated a House-side amendment exempting real estate transactions from the bill’s scope. The bill later died in the Senate Commerce Committee. It is worth noting that the author agreed to include us in an amendment by Rep. Troy Hebert from the House floor, exempting real estate transactions. Automatic Renewal Bill Monitored HB 750, by Rep. Vincent Cox, addressing automatic renewal provisions, was closely monitored by Louisiana REALTORS® to ensure the legislation did not unintentionally apply to residential or commercial leases, property management agreements, association operations, nonprofit activities or standard real estate practices. Those concerns were successfully addressed through a Louisiana REALTORS® amendment offered by Senator Pressly during Senate consideration. When the bill returned to the House, Rep. Cox accepted the amendment and supported concurrence, preserving the bill's consumer protection goals while ensuring Louisiana's real estate industry, housing providers, associations and nonprofits were not subjected to unintended regulatory burdens . Missed Opportunities Two broader legal reform measures passed the House but stalled in the Senate Judiciary A Committee. HB 437, by Rep. Michael Melerine, addressing expert witness fees, and HB 1089, by Rep. Dennis Bamburg, establishing CARE Accounts, both reflected broader efforts to reduce litigation costs, improve Louisiana’s legal climate, and address cost drivers affecting insurance affordability and business competitiveness. Their failure to reach final passage was a missed opportunity, but the issues remain central to Louisiana’s long-term affordability conversation. Louisiana REALTORS® will continue to monitor these proposals and hope to see similar reforms return next session with a different outcome. What Comes Next The end of the session does not end the work. Louisiana REALTORS® will now turn to implementation, member education, ballot engagement and preparation for the next legislative cycle by directly engaging you, the driving force behind all of our efforts. The issues that shaped this session — housing affordability, insurance availability, redevelopment, legal costs, and private property rights — are not going away. Neither are we. Louisiana REALTORS® remain committed to serving as a consistent, credible and effective voice for property owners, homebuyers, housing providers and real estate professionals across Louisiana. Thank You As the Legislature adjourns, Louisiana REALTORS® expresses sincere appreciation to the leadership, members, public officials and advocacy partners who helped make this a productive and successful session for the real estate industry and property owners across Louisiana. We are especially grateful to Louisiana REALTORS® President Ginger Maulden, President-Elect David Favret, Treasurer Misty Ingersoll, Legislative Committee Director Keary Coffin, Outside General Counsel Eric Landry, LARPAC Chairwoman Marsha McGraw-Barbera, the Louisiana Real Estate Commission Commissioners and Executive Team, and the members of the Louisiana REALTORS® Legislative Committee for their leadership, guidance, resources and engagement throughout the session. We also extend a special thank you to those who attended this session’s REALTOR® Day and helped strengthen our presence at the Capitol. Your participation amplified our ability to advocate with one united voice when it mattered most. We further extend our appreciation to the legislators and partners who worked alongside us this session, including Rep. Troy Hebert, Rep. Kim Carver, House Commerce Chairman Daryl Deshotel, Rep. Delisha Boyd, Rep. Stephanie Hilferty, Rep. John Wyble, Sen. Beth Mizell, Sen. Greg Miller, Speaker Phillip DeVillier, Senate President Cameron Henry and Governor Jeff Landry for their leadership, accessibility and commitment to addressing issues impacting housing, property rights, insurance affordability, redevelopment and Louisiana’s economic future. Strong policy outcomes are only possible through collaboration, professionalism and sustained engagement. Louisiana REALTORS® remains grateful for the relationships and partnerships that helped move meaningful legislation across the finish line this year. Please view the session wrap-up tracking report provided by our lobbying team over at Harris, DeVille and Associates.
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